How To Create NextJS Middleware For Pages Directory

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We are learning about Middleware for Nextjs.

Here is some information you can find in the docs:
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nextjs 13 middlewareMiddleware allows you to run code before a request is completed, then based on the incoming request, you can modify the response by rewriting, redirecting, modifying the request or response headers, or responding directly.
Middleware runs before cached content, so you can personalize static files and pages. Common examples of Middleware would be authentication, A/B testing, localized pages, bot protection, and more. Regarding localized pages, you can start with i18n routing and implement Middleware for more advanced use cases.

Using Middleware
To begin using Middleware, follow the steps below:

Install the latest version of Next.js:
npm install next@latest
Create a middleware.ts (or .js) file at the root or in the src directory (same level as your pages)
Export a middleware function from the middleware.ts file:
// middleware.ts
import { NextResponse } from ‘next/server’
import type { NextRequest } from ‘next/server’